The crown jewels of the British monarchy are symbols of immense power, wealth, and history. Among these treasures, the Burmese ruby stands out as one of the most iconic and valuable gemstones. Featured prominently on the Imperial State Crown, this ruby is not just a magnificent gem but also a symbol of protection and health for the British monarchy. In this article, we’ll explore the history, significance, and unique characteristics of the Burmese ruby, shedding light on why it holds such a special place in the royal regalia.
A Historical Gem: The Origins of the Burmese Ruby
The Burmese ruby on the Queen’s crown is steeped in history, originating from one of the most famous ruby-producing regions in the world—Myanmar, formerly known as Burma. Burmese rubies have been prized for centuries, with their deep, pigeon blood red color being the most sought after in the gem trade. These rubies are mined from the Mogok Valley, a region renowned for producing some of the highest quality rubies in the world.
The specific ruby on the Queen’s crown was a gift from the people of Burma to Queen Elizabeth II in 1973. This act was not just a gesture of goodwill but also carried deep cultural significance. In Burmese culture, rubies are believed to protect their wearers from illness and evil, a fitting symbol for a monarch who represents the health and stability of a nation.
The Imperial State Crown: A Jewel of British Monarchy
The Burmese ruby is set in the Imperial State Crown, one of the most important pieces of the British Crown Jewels. The crown itself is a masterpiece of craftsmanship, adorned with over 2,800 diamonds, 273 pearls, 17 sapphires, 11 emeralds, and, of course, the Burmese ruby. It is worn by the monarch during the State Opening of Parliament, a ceremony that marks the beginning of the parliamentary session and is one of the few occasions when the crown is publicly displayed.
The crown was originally created for the coronation of King George VI in 1937 but has since been modified to suit the tastes and preferences of successive monarchs. The inclusion of the Burmese ruby was one of the later additions, reflecting both the crown’s evolving design and the enduring significance of this particular gemstone.
Symbolism and Significance of the Burmese Ruby
The Burmese ruby’s significance goes beyond its stunning appearance. Rubies have long been associated with royalty, power, and protection. In many cultures, rubies are believed to possess magical properties, including the ability to protect the wearer from harm and ensure good health. The Burmese ruby, in particular, is thought to have special protective qualities, which is why it was chosen as a gift for the Queen.
In Burmese tradition, it is believed that a ruby can act as a talisman, warding off illness and misfortune. This belief is rooted in centuries-old customs and folklore, where warriors would even embed rubies into their skin to protect themselves in battle. While the Queen may not be engaging in physical combat, the ruby on her crown serves as a symbolic shield, safeguarding her and, by extension, the nation she represents.
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The Unique Characteristics of Burmese Rubies
Burmese rubies are renowned for their exceptional quality, and the ruby on the Queen’s crown is no exception. One of the most distinguishing features of Burmese rubies is their vivid red color, often referred to as “pigeon blood red.” This term is used to describe the most desirable shade of red in rubies, characterized by a rich, pure red hue with a hint of blue that gives the gemstone a deep, glowing appearance.
The color of a ruby is determined by the presence of trace elements in the corundum crystal structure. In Burmese rubies, chromium is the key element that gives the gemstone its red color. The unique geological conditions in the Mogok Valley contribute to the formation of rubies with higher concentrations of chromium, resulting in the intense red color that is so highly valued.
Another notable characteristic of Burmese rubies is their fluorescence. When exposed to ultraviolet light, these rubies emit a bright red glow, further enhancing their color and making them appear even more vibrant. This fluorescence is a result of the high chromium content in the rubies, and it is one of the reasons why Burmese rubies are considered some of the finest in the world.
The Craftsmanship Behind the Crown
The setting of the Burmese ruby in the Imperial State Crown is a testament to the extraordinary craftsmanship that goes into creating the British Crown Jewels. The ruby is positioned at the center of the cross atop the crown, surrounded by a cluster of diamonds that accentuate its brilliant red color. This placement not only highlights the ruby’s significance but also ensures that it is one of the most prominent features of the crown.
Crafting the crown requires the expertise of some of the world’s most skilled jewelers. The process involves carefully selecting and arranging the gemstones to create a harmonious and balanced design. Each gem must be precisely cut and set to maximize its brilliance and ensure that it complements the overall aesthetic of the crown.
In the case of the Burmese ruby, its central position in the cross emphasizes its importance, both as a stunning gemstone and as a symbol of protection for the monarchy. The surrounding diamonds add a layer of brilliance that enhances the ruby’s natural beauty, creating a dazzling effect that is truly befitting of a royal crown.
The Legacy of the Burmese Ruby
The Burmese ruby on the Queen’s crown is more than just a beautiful gemstone; it is a piece of history that carries with it a legacy of tradition, symbolism, and cultural significance. As part of the Crown Jewels, the ruby is a tangible link to the past, representing the continuity of the British monarchy and the enduring power of the royal family.
Over the years, the ruby has been a silent witness to some of the most important events in British history. It has been present at countless state ceremonies, coronations, and public appearances, each time reaffirming its role as a symbol of the monarchy’s strength and resilience.
Conclusion
The Burmese ruby on the Queen’s crown is not just a gemstone; it is a symbol of protection, power, and continuity. Its deep red color and unique characteristics make it one of the most valuable and significant gems in the British Crown Jewels. As it sits atop the Imperial State Crown, the ruby continues to serve as a reminder of the rich history and enduring legacy of the British monarchy.
For gemologists and historians alike, the Burmese ruby is a fascinating subject of study, offering insights into the geological processes that create such extraordinary gems and the cultural beliefs that have elevated them to symbols of power and protection. Whether viewed as a scientific marvel or a historical treasure, the Burmese ruby on the Queen’s crown remains one of the most iconic and revered gemstones in the world.
