Rubies are one of the most coveted gemstones in the world. Known for their vibrant red color and brilliant shine, they have adorned royalty and jewelry lovers for centuries. However, like any other gemstone, rubies are not impervious to damage. One common question asked by gemstone enthusiasts is whether real rubies crack. In this article, we will explore the factors that affect the durability of rubies, what makes them crack, and how to care for them to ensure their longevity.
What Makes a Ruby?
Rubies are a variety of the mineral corundum, which is a crystalline form of aluminum oxide. What distinguishes a ruby from other types of corundum is the presence of trace amounts of chromium, which gives the ruby its striking red color. The hardness of rubies makes them quite durable, but their susceptibility to cracking depends on several factors.
Ruby Formation
Rubies form deep within the Earth’s crust under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. They can be found in various parts of the world, including Myanmar, Thailand, and Sri Lanka. The process of ruby formation takes millions of years, and this lengthy formation process contributes to their toughness. However, despite their natural beauty and hardness, rubies can still be prone to cracking under certain conditions.
The Hardness of Rubies
On the Mohs scale of hardness, rubies rank 9 out of 10, making them one of the hardest gemstones available. This means rubies are resistant to scratches from most common materials. The only mineral harder than rubies is diamond. While rubies are highly scratch-resistant, they are not indestructible.
Why Do Real Rubies Crack?
Even though rubies are extremely hard, they can crack if subjected to enough force or if there are internal flaws (inclusions) within the stone.
Below are the main causes that can lead to a ruby cracking:
Internal Inclusions
Inclusions, often referred to as “birthmarks” of gemstones, are natural imperfections that form during the crystallization process. These inclusions can vary in size and type, and some may create weak points within the stone. These weak points are more susceptible to cracking if the ruby is exposed to stress or impact. Some rubies, particularly those with larger inclusions, may be more prone to cracking compared to flawless ones.
Sudden Impact or Force
Like any gemstone, rubies are susceptible to damage from sudden impacts. Dropping a ruby or exposing it to high-force impacts, such as banging it against a hard surface, can cause the stone to crack. Even though rubies are hard, they are still brittle. This means they can break or fracture when a strong enough force is applied.
Thermal Shock
Rubies can crack due to a rapid change in temperature, also known as thermal shock. For example, if a ruby is exposed to extreme heat and then rapidly cooled, the stone may fracture due to the stress caused by the uneven expansion and contraction of the material. It is essential to avoid exposing rubies to drastic temperature changes, as this can lead to damage.
Improper Cutting
The way a ruby is cut can influence its durability. If a ruby is not cut properly, it may have weak spots where fractures could form. This is particularly true for rubies with deep cuts or sharp angles. When purchasing rubies, always make sure the cut is symmetrical and well-proportioned to ensure the stone’s strength.
Wearing Damage
Wearing rubies in jewelry can sometimes lead to cracks, especially if the gemstone is exposed to excessive friction. For instance, rubies set in rings may be scratched or cracked due to constant rubbing against other surfaces. It is important to ensure that rubies are set securely in jewelry and to take precautions when wearing them.
Can You Prevent a Ruby from Cracking?
While it is impossible to completely eliminate the risk of a ruby cracking, there are steps you can take to reduce the likelihood of damage.
Here are some tips to protect your rubies and keep them looking beautiful for years:
Regular Inspection
Regularly inspect your ruby jewelry for signs of damage. Check the setting to ensure the ruby is secure and that there are no loose prongs. If you notice any issues, it’s best to have the jewelry repaired promptly to avoid further damage.
Avoid Impact and Pressure
To prevent cracking, avoid exposing your ruby to strong impacts or pressure. Remove your ruby jewelry when engaging in activities that involve heavy lifting, sports, or other situations where the stone might be hit or pressed. This is especially important for rings, which are often exposed to more wear and tear.
Protect Your Rubies from Extreme Temperatures
Always store your ruby jewelry in a safe, stable environment. Avoid exposing rubies to extreme temperatures, whether from hot water, ovens, or direct sunlight for extended periods. Similarly, do not expose them to sudden temperature changes, such as placing them in hot water and then quickly cooling them.
Be Mindful of Harsh Chemicals
Chemicals and cleaning products can weaken the structural integrity of gemstones. Always remove ruby jewelry when handling harsh chemicals or cleaning products. If cleaning rubies, use a mild soap solution and a soft cloth to avoid causing any harm to the gemstone.
Proper Storage
When you’re not wearing your ruby jewelry, store it in a safe, soft pouch or jewelry box. This will prevent it from being scratched by other harder gemstones and minimize the risk of damage. If your ruby is set in a ring, ensure that it is not stored in a way that places undue pressure on the stone.
Choose a Quality Ruby
One of the most effective ways to ensure your ruby doesn’t crack is by selecting a high-quality stone. Look for rubies with fewer inclusions and those that have been properly cut. Always purchase rubies from reputable jewelers who provide certification for the stones’ authenticity and quality.
How to Care for Your Ruby Jewelry
In addition to avoiding situations that could lead to cracking, proper care is essential for maintaining the appearance and durability of your ruby jewelry.
Here are some care tips to follow:
Cleaning Your Rubies
To clean your rubies, use a gentle method to remove dirt and oil. Soak the ruby in warm, soapy water for a few minutes, then use a soft brush to gently scrub the surface. Avoid using harsh abrasives or ultrasonic cleaners, as these can cause scratches and weaken the stone.
Polishing Rubies
Occasionally, rubies may lose some of their shine due to dirt buildup. If this happens, you can restore their sparkle by gently polishing them with a soft cloth. Be sure not to apply too much pressure, as this could damage the gemstone.
Professional Care
If your ruby jewelry becomes damaged or shows signs of wear, consider having it professionally cleaned and repaired by a certified jeweler. They can inspect the stone for cracks and perform any necessary repairs to ensure the ruby stays in excellent condition.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while rubies are incredibly durable and resistant to scratches, they are not invincible. Real rubies can crack if subjected to internal flaws, sudden impacts, or rapid temperature changes. By taking proper care of your ruby jewelry and being mindful of its environment, you can minimize the risk of cracking and ensure your rubies maintain their beauty and brilliance for many years to come.
With proper maintenance and attention, rubies can be cherished as timeless, beautiful gemstones that remain a symbol of strength and elegance. Always ensure that your rubies are purchased from a reputable source, and take the necessary steps to protect them from damage.
Related topic:
- Are Lab Created Rubies Worth Anything?
- What Does a Raw Uncut Ruby Look Like?
- Why Are Some Rubies so Cheap
